People with memory loss and confusion may at times be anxious, nervous or restless. This can lead to problem behaviors such as wandering or constant pacing. Here are some practical ideas to help you calm the person and reduce anxiety.
1. Check for physical causes. Check for comfort. See if the person needs a snack, something to drink, a sweater or to use the toilet. Check for pain, illness or constipation. Avoid caffeine. Caffeine is in coffee, teas, sodas and chocolate.
2. Keep activities simple. Before giving directions for an activity, get the person’s attention. Modify tasks to fit abilities. A person who used to garden may still be able to rake leaves. Break down activities into simple steps. For example, if the person is helping with laundry, have him or her sort the clothes first and then fold them.
3. Establish routines. Do the same things, such as bathing, eating, or exercise, at the same time each day. Choose the most relaxed time of day for difficult activities.
4. Plan daily activities. Plan physical activity every day. Try taking a walk together each afternoon. Involve the person in ordinary household tasks. Many people are able to wash vegetables, fold laundry, sweep or dust.
5. Offer distractions. Offer the person a favorite food or beverage. Distract the person by starting a conversation. Begin a new activity. Offer to take him or her for a walk. Give the person something to play with such as a small ball or a stuffed animal.
6. Create a calm environment. Remove clutter and extra furniture. Turn down the TV. Play soft music. Limit the number of people or activities around the person. Offer only a few choices of food, clothing or activities. Try soothing activities like gentle massage or brushing the person’s hair.
7. Look for early signs. Watch for early signs of frustration in activities such as bathing, dressing, or eating. Respond with a calm tone. If an activity is causing anxiety, take a break and come back to it later. Remember to give yourself a break too. If you are tired, frustrated or angry, the person may react to your mood.
8. Give reassurance. Offer affection and comfort. For example, tell the person that you care for him or her. Give nonverbal signs. Try holding his or her hand or giving the person a hug. Experiment with soothing objects such as a stuffed animal or soft blanket. Having a dog or cat nearby soothes many people.
9. Communicate calmly and clearly. Use a relaxed voice. Speak in clear, short sentences. For example, say, “Please sit down” or “Pick up your fork.” Approach the person from the front if he or she is startled by your voice. Allow time for the person to respond. Use repetition and frequent reminders. If the person is anxious about time, try a simple schedule showing the day’s activities.
10. Talk to a doctor. Ask a doctor if any medical conditions could be causing anxiety or restlessness. Find out about medications too. Some medications can cause restlessness. Others may help reduce anxiety.
Information taken from journeyworks.com. Journeyworks Publishing
Ed Picard, Respite Center Coordinator (Charlie’s Place)
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